Unit 2 – Working 9 to 5

Topic: Jobs & Career Choices

Advantage = benefit = positive aspect

Disadvantage = downside = negative aspect

Compare (v)  kıyaslamak

Comparison (n)  karşılaştırmak

Various = different = many  Çeşitli, bir çok

Snapshot

Environment = nature  doğa, çevre

Environmentalist = a person who tries to protect nature  çevreci, yeşiller taraftarı

Judge  yargıç, hakim

Public school (devlet okulu / kamu okulu) ≠ private school (özel okul)

Public hospital ≠ private hospital

Tour guide = someone who leads a tour  tur rehberi

Stocks = shares of a company  Hisse senetleri

Stockbroker  borsacı, broker

Perspective

Flight attendant = hostess = stewardess  Uçuş görevlisi

Woman (singular)  Women (plural)

Man (singular)  Men (plural)

Child (singular)  Children (Plural)

Fascinated = amazed  Büyülenmiş

Rewarding = satisfying  ödüllendirici, faydalı, tatmin edici

Reward = prize  ödül

Predict (v) = guess = estimate

Predictable (adj)  tahmin edilebilir

Unpredictable (adj)  Öngörülemez

Veterinarian = VET

Grammar – Gerund Phrases (ing form)

Imaginary (hayali) = hypothetical (varsayımsal)

Subject + would / could + Verb 1

Subject + sounds / seems  (kulağa geliyor, görünüyor)

Volunteer  gönüllü, gönüllü olmak

making a living  geçimini sağlamak

Retire  emekli olmak

Vocabulary

Act  actor

Sing  singer

Teach  teacher

Engine (Motor)  engineer

Software = computer program = application = app  Yazılım

Software developer = programmer = coder  Yazılım geliştiricisi

Technician  teknisyen

Journalist = news reporter  gazeteci

guidance counselor = adviser  rehberlik danışmanı (PDR)

politician  politikacı

psychiatrist (medical) = shrink  psikiyatrist

psychologist  psikolog

Writing

Opinion-based question  Discussion  two sides

Example writing:

Choosing the right career is the most critical decision in a person’s life. While some people may prefer a high-paying job even if they do not like it, others may want a profession that they really love, even though it may have a low income.

Choosing an occupation with a high income that you may not like has some benefits and disadvantages. First of all, with a high income, you would be able to buy the things you want. For example, buying a nice house and car would help you to have a better and more stable life. However,…..

Extra points to mention: In addition = Furthermore = Moreover = Additionally = Also

Opposite points: Although = Though = However = On the other hand = in contrast

Leads = opportunities = options

Consequence = result = outcome

Job = Career = profession = occupation

Pay = Income = earning = payment = salary = wage

Important = significant = considerable = necessary

Very important = vital (hayati) = critical (kritik) = crucial

Frustrating = annoying = irritating

Adjectives from verbs

Subject (Active)  -ed	Object (Passive)  ing
I am interested in Math. She is tired today. I feel bored in history class.	History in not an interesting subject for me. Last week was so tiring. Literature sounds a boring topic.

She is an interesting person.  opinion

I am interested in her.

Being a kindergarten teacher could be stressful.

I would feel awful if I became a kindergarten teacher.

Conversation

Internship = training  staj

A couple of leads  Birkaç ipucu / fırsat

Sales leads  potansiyel müşteri

Counselor = advisor  danışman

Cashier  kasiyer

Staff = personnel

Grammar

Comparison  kıyaslama

Adjective  sıfat

1 syllable – er	More than 1 syllable	Irregular
Hot  hotter than Tall  taller Short  shorter Big  bigger	More beautiful than More expensive than More challenging than	Good  better Bad  worse

Being a doctor sounds more challenging than being a teacher.

Being a teacher is NOT as challenging as being a doctor.

Doctor > Teacher

As + adjective + as  equal

Being a firefighter is as dangerous as being a police officer.

Firefighter = Police officer

Comparison with Nouns

Engineers have better hours than nurses.

Doctors have more education than nurses.

Comparison with verbs

Pilots earn more than engineers.

Being a firefighter doesn’t pay as much as being a pilot.

Comparison with V3 (past participle)

Doctors are paid better than police officers.  Passive form

Nutritionist = dietician  beslenme uzmanı, diyetisyen

Nutrition = nourishment  beslenme

As a result = as a consequence = so

Demanding (adj) = troublesome  zahmetli, talepkar

Reading

Stimulating workplace (encouraging)  Teşvik edici iş yeri

Co-worker = colleague = workplace friend

Flood  sel basmak

Flooded with light = lots of light

Billiards = pool  bilardo

Membership  üyelik

Perks = benefits = advantages = merits

View = landscape  manzara

Concentrate = focus  Konsantre olmak

Typical = common = normal  tipik

Cubicle (adj) = in the shape of a cube  küp şeklinde

Cubicle farm = Cubicle office (n) = a type of open office desk

Tedious (adj) = boring = dull

Tiny = small

Greenhouse  sera

make up for the disadvantages  dezavantajları telafi etmek

make up class  telafi dersi

dissatisfied = unhappy

luxurious (adj)  lüks

Types of words

Noun  countable (you can add -s), a/an + noun (one thing)

Adjective  more + adjective, very + adjective

Verb  come after the subject

Adverb

Number

Complain (v) = commenting negatively  şikayet etmek

Complaint (n)  şikayet

Polite  kibar

Impolite = rude = mean  Kaba

Speaking Topics (Voice Messages)

What is your ideal job, and why?
Describe a summer or part-time job you’ve had (or would like to have).
Do you prefer job stability or flexibility? Why?

Writing Topics (IELTS Style, Adapted)

Some people believe job satisfaction is more important than salary. Do you agree or disagree?
Compare two different careers and discuss which one is better.
To what extent do you agree or disagree that soft skills are more important than technical skills in the workplace?

Grammar Book:

Gerund phrases as subjects and objects (Grammar for IELTS: Unit 19 – Gerunds and Infinitives).
Comparisons with adjectives, nouns, verbs, and past participles (Grammar for IELTS: Unit 11 – Comparisons and Superlatives).

Vocabulary: Academic Vocabulary in Use:

Unit 18: Applications & Forms (entry requirements, referee)
Unit 20: Academic Courses (career-related vocabulary)

Interchange 3 Unit 2 Material